In the realm of employment creation projects, public employment programmes (PEPs) have played a crucial role in providing work and earning opportunities while alleviating the socio-economic impact of unemployment. Significantly, PEPs provide much-needed employment opportunities to thousands of individuals in South Africa.

Pathways to sustainability can help address the pitfalls and shift the focus toward sustainable employment. PEPs should offer participants the opportunity to acquire marketable skills. A well-defined exit strategy should be implemented, concentrating on transitioning participants into permanent employment or entrepreneurship.